The original puzzle has 9 triangles per face (size = 3) and has period 3 turning (i.e. the face or points turn in 120 degree intervals). The puzzle was designed by Uwe Meffert and called the Pyraminx. This has 2^5*3^8*6!/2 or 75,582,720 different combinations.
Another puzzle Senior Pyraminx 3x3x3 exists only on paper, it has period 2 turning (i.e. edges turn with 180 degree intervals) but the corners would fall off unless it had some tricky mechanism. (This may be the same as the Master Pyraminx which has 446,965,972,992,000 different combinations).
Another puzzle (which was not widely distributed), the Junior Pyraminx (and similarly the Junior Pyraminx Star, a octahedron formed by two tetrahedra, this has 7!*3^6 or 3,674,160 different combinations), has 4 triangles (size = 2) per face. This puzzle has been recently reissued by Meffert as Pyramorphix (http://www.mefferts-puzzles.com). At the time I designed this computer puzzle thought that it had only period 2 turning (i.e the edges rotate). It turns out the puzzle has a period 4 turning (edges turn with 90 degree intervals) which makes it analogous to the 2x2x2 Rubik's cube. This puzzle makes various non-tetrahedral shapes. The puzzle contained here has no period 4 turning flexibility.
One is able to simulate Halpern's Tetrahedron or Pyraminx Tetrahedron (period 3 turning and sticky mode). Also one is able to simulate one with variant turning (period 2 turning and sticky mode).
Press "mouse-left" button to move a piece. Release "mouse-left" button on a piece on the same face and in the same row (but not an adjacent piece or the move is ambiguous). The pieces will then turn towards where the mouse button was released.
Click "mouse-center", or press "P" or "p" keys to toggle the practice mode (in practice mode the record should say "practice"). This is good for learning moves and experimenting.
Click "mouse-right", or press "Z" or "z" keys, to randomize the puzzle (this must be done first to set a new record).
Press "R" or "r" keys to read a saved puzzle.
Press "W" or "w" keys to save (write) a puzzle.
Press "U" or "u" keys to undo a move.
Press "E" or "e" keys to redo a move.
Press "C" or "c" keys to clear the puzzle.
Press "S" or "s" keys to start auto-solver. Only works on 1x1x1, 2x2x2, and 3x3x3 facets in Period 3 mode.
Press "O" or "o" keys to toggle the orient mode. One has to orient the faces in orient mode, besides getting all the faces to be the same color. To do this one has to get the lines to be oriented in the same direction, this only matters with center pieces, if at all (i.e. those pieces not on a corner or edge). This does add complexity so there are 2 sets of records.
Press "2", "3", "B", or "b" keys (not the keypad 2, 3) to change modes to Period 2, Period 3, or Both.
Press "Y" or "y" keys to toggle sticky mode (increase/decrease
is disabled here if sticky mode is on).
"Sticky" and "Period 2" turning allows only the edges to turn, and the 2
center rows turn together. It is as if the middle cut of the three cuts
did not exist.
"Sticky" and "Period 3" turning allows only the faces to turn, it is as if
the middle cut of the three cuts did not exist.
Beware, the "Sticky" mode is a hack and much could be done to improve its
look.
Press "I" or "i" keys to increase the number of pieces.
Press "D" or "d" keys to decrease the number of pieces.
Press ">" or "." keys to speed up the movement of pieces.
Press "<" or "," keys to slow down the movement of pieces.
Press "@" key to toggle the sound.
Press "Esc" key to hide program.
Press "Q", "q", or "CTRL-C" keys to kill program.
Use the key pad or arrow keys to move without the mouse.
Key pad is defined for Pyraminx as:
/ Counterclockwise
8 9 Up, Upper Right
^
4<5>6 Left, Clockwise, Right
v
1 2 Lower Left, Down
Use the shift keys to access "Period 3" turns from "Both" mode, otherwise it assumes "Period 2" turning. Faces and points turn in "Period 3" and edges (2 points) turn in "Period 2".
Use the control key and the left mouse button, keypad, or arrow keys to move the whole tetrahedron. This is not recorded as a turn.
The title is in the following format (non-motif version):
Pyraminx with default colors, not randomized:
0 B Blue
1 R Red
2 Y Yellow
3 G Green
startingPosition: <2 dimensional array of face piece position, each face has size * size pieces, if orient mode then orientation number follows face number: 0 up, 1 upper right, 2 right, 3 down, 4 lower left, and 5 left>
This is then followed by the moves, starting from 1.
If you have a Pyraminx you cannot solve (2x2x2 or 3x3x3), enter it in pyraminx.log file. Have size = 2 or 3, mode = 3, orient = 0, practice = 0, randomized = 1, and moves = 0 and the number representation for the color of the pieces (usually 0=B, 1=R, 2=Y, 3=G). Bring up xpyraminx, hit 'g' so it will get your configuration and then 's' to solve your pyraminx and then 'w' to write out the steps. Then examine your pyraminx.log file.
Mastering the Magic Pyramid by Tom Werneck, Evans Brothers Limited, London, 1981. pp 109-111.
Douglas R. Hofstadter, Beyond Rubik's Cube: spheres, pyramids, dodecahedrons and God knows what else, Scientific American, July 1982, pp 16-31.
John Ewing & Czes Kosniowski, Puzzle it Out: Cubes, Groups and Puzzles, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1982, pp 60-61.
Magic Cubes 1996 Catalog of Dr. Christoph Bandelow.
X(1), xcubes(6), xtriangles(6), xhexagons(6), xmlink(6), xbarrel(6), xpanex(6), xmball(6), xoct(6), xrubik(6), xskewb(6), xdino(6), xabacus(6)
® Copyright 1994-2019, David A. Bagley
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